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Page last updated on 14 October 2009

References List for LG449  

Term 1, Autumn 2009

LG 449 Out of Africa: Black Englishes

Peter L Patrick, University of Essex

Library classmark of all items is noted below. Due to the nature of the topic, not all materials are easily available; limited availability is also noted. Please check first with the library, and then with the instructor!

Items with an XD classmark are individual articles; the articles can be found at the Short Loan desk, but the source book or journal is not available.

Some items can be read online via the Library – but often only from a Univ of Essex computer when you are logged in.

New items added to this list during term will appear in this color for a week or so. Links are all in this colour. Several smaller, specific reference lists will be made available during the term – please see list at page bottom, where they will be added when available. You can also jump directly to my own 700+-item Bibliography of AAE, or the associated Bibliography of BrACE.

o              Course Textbooks

o              Other Books

o              Articles & Chapters, A

o              Articles & Chapters, G

o              Articles & Chapters, O

o              Articles & Chapters, S

 

Course Textbooks

Available through the Waterstone's on campus.

  • Green, Lisa J. 2002. African American English: A linguistic introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mufwene, S, J Rickford, G Bailey & J Baugh, eds. 1998. African American English: Structure, history and use. London: Routledge. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Rickford, John R. 1999. African American Vernacular English. [PE 3102.N4] 

Other Books

Many but not all are in the main library catalogue.

  • Abrahams, Roger D. 1983. The man-of-words in the West Indies: Performance and the emergence of a Creole culture. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.  [GR 120]
  • Alim, H. Samy. 2004. You know my steez: An ethnographic and sociolinguistic study of styleshifting in a Black American speech community. Publication of the American Dialect Society (PADS 89). Durham NC: Duke University Press. [PE 3102.N4A6]
  • Bailey, G, N Maynor, & P Cukor-Avila, eds. 1991. The emergence of Black English: Texts and commentary. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Barth, Fredrik, ed. 1969. Ethnic groups and boundaries. The social organization of culture difference. (Results of a symposium held at the University of Bergen, 23rd to 26th February 1967.) London: Allen & Unwin.  [HM 107.B2]
  • Baugh, John. 1999. Out of the mouths of slaves: African American language and educational malpractice. Austin : University of Texas Press [PE 3102.N4B2]
  • Bernstein, Cynthia, Thomas Nunnally & Robin Sabino, eds. 1997. Language variety in the South revisited. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. [PE 2922]
  • Botkin, Bruce A. 1989 [1945]. Lay my burden down: A folk history of slavery. NY: Delta Books. [E 444]
  • Dance, Daryl C. 1978. Shuckin’ and jivin’: Folklore from contemporary Black Americans. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. [GR 103]
  • Edwards, Walter F. & Donald Winford, eds. 1991. Verb phrase patterns in Black English and Creole. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.  [PE 3102.N4]
  • Edwards, Viv. 1979. The West Indian language issue in British schools: Challenges and responses. London: Routledge. [LC 3736.G7]
  • Edwards, Viv. 1986. Language in a Black community. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. [PE 3727.N4]
  • Fasold, R & R Shuy, eds. 1970. Teaching Standard English in the inner city. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics. [PE 66.T4]
  • Fought, Carmen. 2006. Language and Ethnicity. Cambridge University Press.  [P 126.5.R2]
  • Gilroy, Paul. 1987. There ain't no black in the Union Jack. London: Hutchinson.
  • Gwaltney, John Langston. 1980. Drylongso: A self-portrait of Black America. NY: Random House. [E 185.86.D7]
  • Harris, Roxy, & Ben Rampton, eds. 2003. The language, ethnicity and race reader. London: Routledge. [P 126.5.R2]
  • Hebdige, Dick. 1987. Cut ‘n’ Mix: Culture, identity and Caribbean music. London: Comedia. [ML 3565.J2]
  • Hewitt, Roger. 1986. White talk, black talk: Inter-racial friendship and communication amongst adolescents. Cambridge University Press. [P 126.H4]

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  • Labov, William. 1972. Language in the inner city: Studies in the Black English Vernacular. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. [PE 3101.N7]
  • Lanehart, Sonja L (ed). 2001. Sociocultural and historical contexts of African American English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Makoni, Sinfree, Geneva Smitherman, Arnetha F Ball, & Arthur K. Spears (eds). 2003. Black linguistics: Language, society and politics in Africa and the Americas. London: Routledge.  [PL 8005]
  • McMillan, James B, & Michael B Montgomery. 1989. Annotated bibliography of Southern American English. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. [Z 1251.S7]
  • Montgomery, Michael B, & Guy Bailey, eds. 1986. Language variety in the South: Perspectives in Black and White. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. [PE 2922]
  • Morgan, Marcyliena. 2002. Language, discourse and power in African American culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [PE 3102.N4M6]
  • Mufwene, Salikoko, ed. with Nancy Condon. 1993. Africanisms in Afro-American language varieties. Athens GA: University of Georgia Press. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Mühleisen, Susanne & Bettina Migge, eds., Politeness and face in Caribbean Creoles. Amsterdam: Benjamins. [PM 7834.C32, online book]
  • Nagle, Stephen J & Sara L Sanders, eds. 2003. English in the Southern United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [PE 2922]
  • Nayak, Anoop. 2003. Race, place and globalization: Youth cultures in a changing world. (Palo Alto CA: Berg). [HQ 799.G7N2] Electronic resource via ebrary
  • Poplack, Shana, ed. 1999. The English history of African American English. Oxford: Blackwell. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Poplack, Shana, & Sali Tagliamonte. 2001. African American English in the diaspora. Oxford: Blackwell. [PE 3102 .N4, Short Loan]
  • Ramirez, J David; Wiley, Terrence G; de Klerk, Gerda; Lee, Enid & Wright, Wayne E, eds. 2005. 2nd ed. Ebonics: The urban education debate. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, c2005. [LC 2801.E3]  [also available online]
  • Rampton, Ben. 1995. Crossing: Language and ethnicity among adolescents. London: Longman. [P 126.5.C6]
  • Rosen, Harold & Tony Burgess. 1980. Languages and dialects of London school children: An investigation. London: Ward Lock. [PE 1711]
  • Schneider, Edgar W. 1989. American Earlier Black English: Morphological and syntactic variables. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.
  • Schneider, Edgar W, ed. 2008. Varieties of English, 2: The Americas and the Caribbean. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. [PE 1711.V2]  [NB: This volume is no. 2 in a 4-volume series entitled “Varieties of English”. The series itself, with the same call number, is edited by Bernd Kortmann & Clive Upton. If you search by author, you will also find it listed under either of these series authors’ names. It’s the same book!]
  • Sebba, Mark. 1993. London Jamaican. London: Longman. [PE 1961.S4]
  • Sebba, Mark. 1997. Contact languages: Pidgins and Creoles. London: Macmillan. [PM 7802]
  • Smitherman, Geneva. 2000. Talkin that talk: Language, culture & education in African America. NY: Routledge. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Sutcliffe, David. 1982. British Black English. Oxford: Blackwell. [PE 3727.N4]
  • Sutcliffe, David, and Ansel Wong, eds. 1986. The language of the Black experience. Oxford: Blackwell. [PM 7834.C32]
  • Sutcliffe, David, with John Figueroa. 1992. System in black language. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Thomason, SG and T Kaufman. 1988. Language contact, creolization, and genetic linguistics. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press. [P124.T5]
  • Thomason, SG. 2001. Language contact. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.  [P 123.2.T5]
  • Wells, John C. 1973. Jamaican pronunciation in London. Oxford: Blackwell. [PE 1961.W4]
  • Wolfram, Walt & Erik R Thomas. 2002. The development of African American English. Oxford: Blackwell.  [PE 3102 .N4, 7-day Loan]

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Articles and Chapters

[Items marked with this §§ should be requested directly from Prof Patrick. Articles available as individual items at the Library’s Short-Loan Desk are marked XD followed by the number. Check library listings for electronic access to all journal articles.]

  • Agyekum, Kofi. 2002. The communicative role of silence in Akan. Pragmatics 12(1): 31-52. [XD 7925]
  • Alim, H. Samy. 2002. Street-conscious copula variation in the Hip-Hop Nation. American Speech 77(3): 288-304. [Available online via library periodicals listing]
  • Alim, H. Samy. 2003. "We are the streets": African American language and the strategic construction of a street-conscious identity. In Makoni et al, 40-59.  [PL 8005]
  • Anderson, Carolyn, Marlene Fine, and Fern Johnson. 1983. Black Talk on Television: A Constructivist Approach to Viewers' Perception of BEV in Roots II. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. 4(2-3):181-195. [XD 7927]
  • Asante, MK. 1990. African elements in African American English. In J Holloway ed., Africanisms in American culture: 19-33. [E 185, 3-day Loan] [Not for summary]
  • Bailey, G. 2001. The relationship between African American Vernacular English and White vernaculars in the American South: A sociocultural history and some phonological evidence. In Sonja L Lanehart, ed., Sociocultural and historical contexts of African American English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 53-92. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Bailey, Guy, & Natalie Maynor. 1989. The divergence controversy. American Speech 64: 12-39.
  • Bailey, G, & N Maynor. 1987. Decreolization? Language in Society 16:449-474. [P 1.L23 in Current Periodicals]
  • Bailey, G, & J Tillery. 1996. The persistence of Southern American English. Journal of English Linguistics 24(4):308-321. [PE 1.J7 in Current Periodicals]
  • Bailey, G, & E Thomas. 1998. Some aspects of African-American vernacular English phonology. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 85-109. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Baugh, John. 1988. Language & race: Some implications for linguistic science. In F. Newmeyer ed., Language: the sociocultural context. (Linguistics: the Cambridge survey, vol. 4) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 64-74.
  • Baugh, John. 1991. Terms of self-reference among American Slave Descendants. American Speech 66(2): 133-46.
  • Beckford Wassink, Alicia & Anne Curzan. 2004. Addressing ideologies around African American English. Journal of English Linguistics 32(3): 171-185.
  • Blake, Renee & Cecilia Cutler. 2003. AAE and variation in teachers' attitudes: A question of school philosophy? Linguistics and Education 14(2): 163-194.
  • §§ Chun, Elaine. 2001. The construction of White, Black, and Korean American identities through African American Vernacular English. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 11(1): 52-64.
  • Clark, John Taggart. 2003. Abstract inquiry and the patrolling of black/white borders through linguistic stylization. In Harris, Roxy, & Ben Rampton, eds.,The language, ethnicity and race reader, pp303-313. Routledge. [P 126.5.R2]
  • Cukor-Avila, Patricia. 2001. Co-existing grammars: The relationship between the evolution of African American and Southern White Vernacular English in the South. In Sonja L Lanehart, ed., Sociocultural and historical contexts of African American English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 93-127. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Cukor-Avila, Patricia. 2003. The complex grammatical history of African-American and white vernaculars in the South. In Nagle & Sanders, eds., English in the Southern United States, 82-105.
  • Cutler, Cecilia A. 1999. Yorkville Crossing: White teens, hip hop, and African American English. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3(4): 428-442. [P 1.J538 in Current Periodicals]  Also reprinted in Harris, Roxy, & Ben Rampton, eds.,The language, ethnicity and race reader, pp314-327. Routledge. [P 126.5.R2]
  • Dalphinis, Morgan. 1991. The Afro-English creole speech community. In S. Alladina and Viv Edwards (eds), Multilingualism in the British Isles Volume 2: Africa, the Middle East and Asia, pp. 42-56. London: Longman. [P 139.G7]
  • Downing, John DH. 1988. The Cosby Show and American Racial Discourse. In Geneva Smitherman-Donaldson & Teun A van Dijk, eds., Discourse and Discrimination. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. www.museum.tv/archives/etv/C/htmlC/cosbyshowt/cosbyshowt.htm 
  • §§ Edwards, Walter F.  1998. Sociolinguistic features of Rap lyrics: Comparisons with Reggae. In P Christie, B Lalla, V Pollard & L Carrington (eds.), Studies in Caribbean Language II: Papers from the 9th Biennial conference of the Society for Caribbean Linguistics, 1992. St Augustine, Trinidad: 128-146.
  • Edwards, Walter F. 2004. Urban African American Vernacular English: Phonology. In A Handbook of Varieties of English. Vol 1: Phonology, ed. Bernd Kortmann & Edgar Schneider, 383-392. (Topics in English Linguistics, ed. by Bernd Kortmann & Elizabeth Closs Traugott.) The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.  [PE 2841.H2] Also in Schneider, ed., 2008: 181-191.
  • Escott, Paul. 1991. Speaking of slavery: The historical value of the recordings with former slaves. In G Bailey, N Maynor & P Cukor-Avila, eds., The emergence of Black English, 123-132. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Faraclas, Nicholas, Lourdes Gonzalez, Migdalia Medina & Wendell Villanueva Reyes. 2005. Ritualized insults and the African Diaspora: Sounding in African American Vernacular English and Wording in Nigerian Pidgin. In Susanne Mühleisen & Bettina Migge, eds., Politeness and face in Caribbean Creoles. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp 45-72.  [PM 7834.C32, online book]
  • Fasold, R & W Wolfram. 1970. Some linguistic features of Negro dialect. In Fasold and Shuy, eds., Teaching Standard English in the inner city, 41-86. [PE 66.T4]
  • Fasold, Ralph. 1981. The relation between Black and White speech in the South. American Speech 56 (2): 163-89. [XD 5826]
  • §§ Fasold, Ralph, ed. 1987. Are Black and White vernaculars diverging? Special issue of American Speech 62(1). [XD 5828 for Fasold’s own contribution]
  • Fasold, Ralph. 1999. Ebonic need not be English. (Online, synthesis of 1999 GURT paper.) http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/Linguistics/fasold.html

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  • Feagin, Crawford. 1997. The African contribution to Southern States English. In C Bernstein, T Nunnally & R Sabino, eds., Language variety in the South revisited. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 123-139.
  • Figueroa, Esther & Peter L Patrick. 2001. The meaning of kiss-teeth. Essex Research Reports in Linguistics 35:49-84. [Read online] [See also Patrick & Figueroa 2001, below]
  • Fine, Marlene, Carolyn Anderson, and Gary Eckles. 1979. "Black English on Black Situation Comedies." Journal of Communication 29(3):21-29. [Read online]
  • Fine, Marlene, and Carolyn Anderson. 1980. Dialectical Features of Black Characters in Situation Comedies on Television. Phylon 41(4):396-409. [Read online]
  • Fought, Carmen. 2002. Ethnicity. In JK Chambers, P Trudgill & N Schilling-Estes, eds., Handbook of Language Variation and Change, 444-472. Blackwell.
  • Graham, Joe. 1991. Slave narratives, slave culture & the slave experience. In G Bailey, N Maynor & P Cukor-Avila, eds., The emergence of Black English, 133-154. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Green, Lisa. 1998. Aspect and predicate phrases in African-American vernacular English. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 37-68. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Green, Lisa J. 2004. Research on African American English since 1998: Origins, description, theory, and practice. Journal of English Linguistics 32(3): 210-229.
  • Henderson, Anita. 1995. Compliments, compliment responses, and politeness in an African-American community. In J Arnold et al, eds., Sociolinguistic Variation: 195-208. [P 23]
  • Henderson, Anita. 2003. What's in a slur? American Speech 78(1): 52-74.
  • Hewitt, Roger. 1982. White adolescent Creole users and the politics of friendship. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 3(3): 217-232.
  • Hewitt, Roger. 1989. Creole in the classroom: Political grammars and educational vocabularies. In Ralph Grillo (ed.), Social anthropology and the politics of language. London, Routledge. [HM 107.S6]
  • Hewitt, Roger. 1992. Language, youth and the destabilisation of ethnicity. In Harris, Roxy, & Ben Rampton, eds.,The language, ethnicity and race reader, pp188-198. Routledge. [P 126.5.R2]
  • Holm, John. 1991. The Atlantic Creoles and the language of the Ex-Slave recordings. In G Bailey, N Maynor & P Cukor-Avila, eds., The emergence of Black English: Texts and commentary, 231-49. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Howe, Darin & James Walker. 1999. Negation and the Creole-origins hypothesis: Evidence from Early African American English. Chap. 4 in S Poplack, ed., The English history of African American English, 109-140.
  • Ibrahim, Awad El Karim. 2003. "Whassup homeboy?" Joining the African Diaspora: Black English as a symbolic site of identification and language learning. In Makoni et al, 169-185.  [PL 8005]
  • Jacobs-Huey, Lanita. 1997. Is there an authentic African American speech community?: Carla revisited. In Charles Boberg et al., eds., A selection of papers from NWAVE-25: University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 4(1):331-370. [P21.P4, or search under Author: Boberg]
  • Jones-Jackson, Patricia. 1994. Let the church say 'Amen': The language of religious rituals in coastal South Carolina. Michael Montgomery, ed., The crucible of Carolina: Essays in the development of Gullah language and culture. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 115-32. [PM 7875.G8]
  • Kautzsch, Alexander. 2004. Earlier African American English: Morphology and syntax. In A Handbook of Varieties of English. Vol 2: Morphology and syntax, ed. Bernd Kortmann & Edgar Schneider, 341-355. (Topics in English Linguistics, ed. by Bernd Kortmann & Elizabeth Closs Traugott.) The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter. Also in Schneider, ed., 2008: 534-550.
  • Kiesling, Scott. 2001. Stances of Whiteness and hegemony in fraternity men’s discourse. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 11(1): 101-115.  [XD 7926]
  • Kretzschmar, William A, Jr. 2008. “Standard American English pronunciation.” In E Schneider, ed., pp37-51. [PE 1711.V2]
  • Labov, William. 1972. Is BEV a separate system? Language in the inner city, Chap. 2. [PE 3101.N7]
  • Labov, William. 1972. Rules for ritual insults. Language in the inner city, Chap. 8. [PE 3101.N7]  Selection reprinted in N Coupland & A Jaworski, eds. (2009), The New Sociolinguistics Reader, pp615-630.
  • Labov, William. 1982. Objectivity and commitment in linguistic science: The case of the Black English trial in Ann Arbor. Language in Society 11:165-201. [P 1.L23 in Current Periodicals]
  • Labov, William, and Wendell A. Harris. 1986. De facto segregation of Black and White vernaculars. David Sankoff, ed., Diversity and Diachrony. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1-24. [P 23]
  • Labov, William. 1998. Co-existent systems in African-American Vernacular English. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 110-153. [PE 3102.N4]

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  • Martin, Stefan, & Walt Wolfram. 1998. The sentence in African-American vernacular English. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 11-36. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Morgan, Marcyliena. 1991. Indirectness and interpretation in African American women's discourse. Pragmatics 1(4): 421-451. [XD 7928]
  • Morgan, Marcyliena. 1993. The Africanness of counterlanguage among Afro-Americans. In S Mufwene, ed., Africanisms in Afro-American language varieties: 423-35. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Morgan, Marcyliena. 1994. The African-American speech community: Reality and sociolinguists. In M Morgan, ed., The social construction of identity in creole situations, 121-148. Los Angeles: UCLA Center for Afro-American Studies. [PM 7831.L2] [Not for summary]
  • Morgan, Marcyliena. 1998. More than a mood or an attitude: Discourse and verbal genres in African-American culture. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 251-281. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Mufwene, Salikoko. 1998. The structure of the noun phrase in African-American vernacular English. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 69-81. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Mufwene, Salikoko. 1999. Some sociohistorical inferences about the development of African American English. In S Poplack, ed., The English history of African American English, 233-263. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Mufwene, Salikoko. 2003. The shared ancestry of African-American and American White Southern Englishes: Some speculations dictated by history. In Nagle & Sanders, eds., English in the Southern United States, 64-81.
  • Mufwene, Salikoko. 2008. Gullah: Morphology and syntax. In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English 2, pp 551-572. [PE 1711.V2]
  • Myhill, John. 1988. Post-vocalic /r/ as an index of integration into the BEV speech community. American Speech 63(3): 203-13.
  • Myhill, John. 1991. The use of invariant Be with verbal predicates. In W Edwards & D Winford, eds., Verb phrase patterns in Black English and Creole, 101-113. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Myhill, John. 1995. The use of features of present-day AAVE in the ex-slave recordings. American Speech 70(2): 115-147. [PE 1.A6]
  • Myhill, John, and Wendell A. Harris. 1986. The use of the verbal -s inflection in BEV. David Sankoff, ed., Diversity and diachrony: 25-31. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. [P 23]
  • Nichols, Patricia C. 1976. Black women in the rural South: Conservative and innovative. In The sociology of the languages of American women: Papers in Southwest English 4, ed. Betty Lou Dubois & Isabel Crouch. San Antonio: Trinity University. [Reprinted 1998 in Jennifer Coates, ed., Language and gender: a reader. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 55-63.]  [P125.5.G4]  (Concerns Gullah, not AAVE)
  • Nichols, Patricia C. 1983. Black and white speaking in the rural South: Difference in the pronominal system. American Speech 58: 201-15. (Concerns Gullah, not AAVE)
  • Nichols, Patricia C. 1991 Verbal patterns of black and white speakers of coastal South Carolina. In WF Edwards & D Winford, eds., Verb phrase patterns in Black English and Creole. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 114-128.  (Concerns Gullah, not AAVE)
  • OUSD 1996. Resolution of the Board of Education adopting the report and recommendations of the African-American Task Force; a policy statement and directing the Superintendent of Schools to devise a program to improve the English language acquisition and application skills of African-American students. (December 18, 1996, no. $597-0063.) http://linguist.emich.edu/topics/ebonics/ebonics-res1.html
  • OUSD 1997. Amendment to resolution No. $597-0063. (January 15, 1997, no. 9697-0063.) http://linguist.emich.edu/topics/ebonics/ebonics-res2.html  
  • Parkvall, Mikael. 2000. Out of Africa: African influences in Atlantic Creoles. London: Battlebridge. [PM 7831.P2]
  • Patrick, Peter L. 1991. Creoles at the intersection of variable processes: -t,-d deletion and past-marking in the Jamaican mesolect. Language Change and Variation 3(2): 171-189. [read online]
  • Patrick, Peter L. 2002. Creole, community, identity. In Christian Mair, ed., Interaction-based sociolinguistics and cultural studies. Thematic issue of Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik 28(2): 249-277. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag. [Special issue of Arbeiten aus Anglistik und Amerikanistik.] [read online]
  • Patrick, Peter L. Jamaican Creole grammar. 2004. In A Handbook of Varieties of English. Vol 2: Morphology and syntax, ed. Bernd Kortmann & Edgar Schneider, 407-438. (Topics in English Linguistics, ed. by Bernd Kortmann & Elizabeth Closs Traugott.) The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter [read online]
  • Patrick, Peter L. 2004. British Creole phonology. In Bernd Kortmann & Clive Upton, eds., Varieties of English, 1: The British Isles. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter, pp 253-268. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter. [PE 1711.V1]
  • §§ Patrick, Peter L., Heidi Beall, Cecilia Castillo, Chi-hsien Kuo, Ralitsa Mileva, Jason Miller, Greg Roberts, Yuko Takakusaki and Virginia Yelei Wake. 1996. One hundred years of TD-deletion in African American English. Paper presented to NWAVE-25 (New Ways of Analyzing Variation) conference, University of Nevada at Las Vegas. October 19, 1996. [Not for summary]
  • Patrick, Peter L, & Esther Figueroa. 2002. Kiss-teeth. American Speech, Winter 2002. Vol. 77(4):383-397. [Available online via library periodicals listing. See also Figueroa & Patrick 2001, here]  [also briefer powerpoint talk on this topic, read online]
  • Poplack, Shana. 1999. Introduction. In S Poplack, ed., The English history of African American English, 1-32. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Preston, Dennis R. 1992. Talking black and talking white: A study in variety imitation. Joan H. Hall, Nick Doane, & Dick Ringler, eds., Old English and new: Studies in language and linguistics in honor of Frederic G. Cassidy. New York: Garland, 327-55.

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  • Rampton, Ben, ed. 1999. Styling the Other. Introduction to themed issue. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3(4): 428-442.
  • Rampton, Ben. 2009. Crossing, ethnicity and code-switching. In N Coupland & A Jaworski, eds. (2009), The New Sociolinguistics Reader, pp287-298.
  • Rickford, John R. 1987. Are Black and White vernaculars diverging? American Speech 62: 55-62. [Reprinted in J Rickford 1999, AAVE, Chap.11.]
  • Rickford, John R. 1992. Grammatical variation and divergence in Vernacular Black English. Marinel Gerritsen and Deiter Stein, eds., Internal and external factors in syntactic change. The Hague: Mouton De Gruyter. [Reprinted in J Rickford 1999, African American Vernacular English, Chap. 12.]
  • Rickford, John R. 1997. Unequal partnership: Sociolinguistics and the African-American speech community. Language in Society 26:161-197. [Reprinted in J Rickford 1999, African American Vernacular English, Chap 14.] [Not for summary]
  • Rickford, John R. 1997b. Prior creolization of African American Vernacular English? Sociohistorical and textual evidence from the 17th and 18th centuries. Journal of Sociolinguistics 1(3): 315-336. [Reprinted in J Rickford 1999, African American Vernacular English, Chap.10.] [Not for summary]
  • Rickford, John R. 1998. The creole origins of African American Vernacular English: Evidence from copula absence. Chap 6 in Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use, 154-200. New York: Routledge. [PE 3102.N4]
  • Rickford, John R. 1999. Phonological and grammatical features of African American Vernacular English (AAVE). In J Rickford 1999, African American Vernacular English, 3-14 (Chap 1).
  • Rickford, John R. 2006. Down for the count? The Creole Origins hypothesis of AAVE at the hands of the Ottawa Circle, and their supporters. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 21(1): 97-155.
  • Rickford, John R. & Faye McNair-Knox. 1994. Addressee- and topic-influenced style shift: A quantitative sociolinguistic study. In Doug Biber & Edward Finegan, eds., Perspectives on register: Situating register variation within sociolinguistics. [Reprinted in J Rickford 1999, African American Vernacular English, Chap. 6, pp 112-153.]
  • Rickford, John R., & Angela Rickford. 1976. Cut-eye and suck-teeth: African words and gestures in New World guise. Journal of American Folklore 89: 294-309. [Reprinted in J Rickford 1999, African American Vernacular English, Chap 7: 157-173.]
  • Rickford, Angela E. & John R. Rickford. 2007. Variation, versatility and contrastive analysis in the classroom. In R Bayley & C Lucas (eds.), Sociolinguistic variation: Theories, methods and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 276-296.  [P126 .S6]
  • Rickford, John R. and Russell J. Rickford. 2000. Spoken Soul: The story of Black English. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Ronkin, Maggie & Helen Karn. 1999. Mock Ebonics: Linguistic racism in parodies of Ebonics on the internet. Journal of Sociolinguistics 3(3), 360-79. [P 1.J538 in Current Periodicals]
  • Schneider, Edgar W. 1995. Black-white language contact through the centuries: Diachronic aspects of linguistic convergence or divergence in the United States of America. In Jacek Fisiak, ed., Linguistic change under contact conditions. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 237-252. [P 123.2.L5]
  • Schneider, Edgar W. 2003. Shakespeare in the coves and hollows? Toward a history of Southern English. In Nagle & Sanders, eds., English in the Southern United States, 17-35.
  • Schneider, Edgar W. 2008. Synopsis: Morphological and syntactic variation in the Americas and the Caribbean. In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English 2, pp 763-776. [PE 1711.V2]
  • Schneider, Edgar W. 2008. Synopsis: Phonological variation in the Americas and the Caribbean. In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English 2, pp 383-398. [PE 1711.V2]

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·        Sebba, Mark. Fc. Will the real impersonator please stand up? Language and identity in the Ali G. websites. Paper presented 22 Feb 2002 at the Colloquy on ‘Acts of identity’, Freiburg. [restricted access here]

·        Sebba, Mark. 2004. British Creole: Morphology and syntax. In Bernd Kortmann & Clive Upton, eds., Varieties of English, 1: The British Isles. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter, pp 463-477.  [PE 1711.V1]

·        Sells, P, J Rickford & T Wasow. 1995. Variation in negative inversion in AAVE. In J Arnold et al, eds., Sociolinguistic Variation: 161-176. [P 23]

·        Smitherman, Geneva. 1991.  'What is Africa to me?' Language, ideology and African American. American Speech 66(2): 115-32.

·        Smitherman, Geneva. 1994. [Rev ed. 2000.] Black Talk: Words and phrases from the Hood to the Amen Corner. NY: Houghton Mifflin Co. Introduction (1-37). [PE 3102.N4] [Not for summary]

·        Smitherman, Geneva. 2004. Language and African Americans: Movin on up a lil higher. Journal of English Linguistics 32(3): 186-196.

·        B Soukup 2001 “Y’all come back now, y’hear? Language attitudes in the United States towards Southern American English” Vienna English Working Papers 10(2): 56-68. online at www.univie.ac.at/Anglistik/views/views012.pdf

·        Spears, Arthur. 1998. African-American language use: ideology and so-called obscenity. In Mufwene et al, eds., African American English: Structure, history and use: 226-250. [PE 3102.N4]

·        Stockman, Ida J. 2007. Social-political influences on research practices: Examining language acquisition by African American children. In R Bayley & C Lucas (eds.), Sociolinguistic variation: Theories, methods and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 297-317.  [P126 .S6]

·        Straw, Michelle & Peter L Patrick. 2007. Dialect acquisition of glottal variation in /t/: Barbadians in Ipswich. Language Sciences 29(2-3): 385-407. [read online]

·        §§ Sutcliffe, David. 1997. Breaking old ground: African American English and the search for its past. In H Ramisch and K Wynne, eds., Language in time and space: Festschrift in honour of Wolfgang Viereck.

·        Sutcliffe, David. 1998. Gone with the wind? Evidence for 19th century African American speech. Links & Letters 5: 127-145. Barcelona: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. [P 1.L85]

·        Sutcliffe, David. 2001. The voice of the ancestors: New evidence on 19th-century precursors to 20th-century African American English. In Sonja L Lanehart, ed., Sociocultural and historical contexts of African American English, 129-168.

·        Sweetland, Julie. 2002. Unexpected but authentic use of an ethnically-marked dialect. Journal of Sociolinguistics 6(4): 514-538. [P 1.J538; read online via Essex library.] This reference replaces Sweetland 1997 below.

·        §§ Sweetland, Julie. 1997. Black as Spades: African American English in informal interactions between white and black friends. Georgetown Univ. senior honors thesis. Now read Sweetland 2002 instead.

·        Thomas, Erik R. 2008. “Rural Southern white accents.” In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English 2, pp 87-114. [PE 1711.V2]

·        Tillery, Jan & Guy Bailey. 2003. Urbanization and the evolution of Southern American English. In Nagle & Sanders, eds., English in the Southern United States, 159-172.

·        Tillery, Jan & Guy Bailey. 2008. “The urban South: Phonology.” In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English 2, pp 115-128. [PE 1711.V2]

·        Vaughn-Cooke, Fay. 2007. Lessons learned from the Ebonics controversy: Implications for language assessment. In R Bayley & C Lucas (eds.), Sociolinguistic variation: Theories, methods and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 254-275.  [P126 .S6]

·        Walker, James. 1999. Rephrasing the copula: Contraction and zero in Early African American English. Chap. 2 in S Poplack, ed., The English history of African American English, 35-72. Blackwell.

·        Weldon, Tracey L. 2008. Gullah: phonology. In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English 2, pp 192-207. [PE 1711.V2]

·        Wharry, Cheryl. 2003. Amen and hallelujah preaching: Discourse functions in African American sermons.  Language in Society 32(2).

·        Winford, Donald. 1992. Back to the past: The BEV/Creole connection revisited. Language Variation & Change 4:311-357. [P 1.L3 in Current Periodicals]

·        Winford, Donald. 1997. On the origins of African American Vernacular English: A creolist perspective. Part 1: The sociohistorical background. Diachronica XIV:2, 305-44. [XD 5823]

·        Winford, Donald. 1998. On the origins of African American Vernacular English: A creolist perspective. Part 2: Linguistic features. Diachronica XV:1, 99-154. [XD 5837]

·        Winford, Donald. 2003. Ideologies of language and socially realistic linguistics. In Makoni et al, 21-39. [PL 8005]

·        Wolfram, Walt.  2003. On the construction of vernacular dialect norms. In Christina Bratt Paulston & Richard Tucker, eds. 2003. Sociolinguistics: The Essential Readings, pp251-271. Blackwell.  [P126 .S6]

·        Wolfram, Walt. 2008. Urban African American Vernacular English: Morphology and syntax. In EW Schneider, ed., Varieties of English, 2, pp 510-533. [PE 1711.V2]

·        Wolfram, Walt, Kirk Hazen and Jennifer Ruff Tamburro. 1997. Isolation within isolation: A solitary century of African-American Vernacular English. Journal of Sociolinguistics 1(1): 7-38.

 

Peter L. Patrick’s Bibliography on AAE

Peter L. Patrick’s Bibliography on BrACE

References on Gullah

References on Barbadian

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